A Water polo cap is a piece of headgear used in water polo and a number of underwater sports. The caps are used to identify both the player and their team, and to protect their ears from injury possibly caused by a water polo ball hitting the head.
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Use for water polo[edit]
Caps are differentiated by the number printed on them as well as the color. Players from the visiting team will wear light colored caps, whereas the home team players will wear dark caps. The goalkeepers wear quartered red caps, numbered "1", while substitute goalies have caps which are either numbered "1-A" in NCAA games, or "13" in FINA international games.[1]
Use by underwater sports disciplines[edit]
In underwater football, underwater hockey and underwater rugby, water polo caps are worn by competitors to identify which teams they are playing for, and to offer some protection to individuals against the possibility of a burst eardrum caused by the blade of a fin making direct contact across the ear.[2][3][4][5] Opposing teams in underwater hockey and underwater rugby wear either white or dark (i.e. blue or black) caps while the water referees wear red caps.[6][7] Underwater football appears to follow this precedent.[8] Caps are also used in Aquathlon (underwater wrestling) for identification purposes; one competitor wears either a red or blue coloured cap while the other competitor wears a white or yellow coloured cap.[9]
Gallery[edit]
See also[edit]
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References[edit]
- ^ "WP4 CAPS". Fédération Internationale de Natation. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
- ^ "UNDERWATER FOOTBALL, RULES AND REGULATIONS". Sean Ennis. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
- ^ "International Rules for Underwater Hockey. Tenth Edition". Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques. p. 5. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ Landsberg PG (December 1976). "South African Underwater Diving Accidents, 1969-1976". SA Medical Journal: 2156. Retrieved 2013-03-29.
- ^ "CMAS Under Water Rugby Rules August 2011". Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques. p. 12. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "International Rules for Underwater Hockey. Tenth Edition". Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques. pp. 5 & 9. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "CMAS Under Water Rugby Rules August 2011". Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques. pp. 13 & 17. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "The Gear - Personal Equipment". Sean Ennis. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
- ^ "AQUATHLON INTERNATIONAL RULES VERSION 2012/01". Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques. p. 2. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
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