| Turpan Prefecture Turfan / Tulufan Prefecture تۇرپان ۋىلايىتى 吐鲁番地区 |
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| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Region | Xinjiang |
| County-level divisions | 3 |
| Prefecture seat | Turpan |
| Lowest elevation | −154 m (−505 ft) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Website | Turpan Prefecture Government |
Turpan Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 吐鲁番地区; traditional Chinese: 吐魯番地區; pinyin: Tulufán Dìqū; Uyghur: تۇرپان ۋىلايىتى, ULY: Turpan Wilayiti, UYY: Turpan Vilayiti?), also known as Turfan Prefecture or Tulufan Prefecture, is located in the east of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. It has an area of 69,324 square kilometres (26,766 sq mi) and a population of 570,000 (2003).
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Demographics[edit]
According to the 2000 Census, of its inhabitants, 70.01% are Uyghur, 23.3% are Han, 6.38% are Hui, with the remainder belonging to other ethnicities.
Climate[edit]
Turpan has a harsh, drastic, cold desert climate (Köppen BWk), with long and very hot summers, winters that are quite cold but short, and brief spring and autumn in between. Annual precipitation is very low, amounting to only 15.7 millimetres (0.62 in) at Turpan City, where the monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −7.6 °C (18.3 °F) in January to 32.2 °C (90.0 °F) in July; the annual mean is 14.4 °C (57.9 °F).[1] The hottest temperature in China, at 50.2 °C (122.4 °F), occurred at Ayding Lake.[2]
| Climate data for Turpan (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
6.0 (42.8) |
16.3 (61.3) |
26.5 (79.7) |
33.3 (91.9) |
37.9 (100.2) |
39.6 (103.3) |
38.0 (100.4) |
31.9 (89.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
9.5 (49.1) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
21.5 (70.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −12.1 (10.2) |
−6 (21) |
3.2 (37.8) |
12.4 (54.3) |
18.7 (65.7) |
23.2 (73.8) |
25.0 (77) |
22.8 (73) |
16.3 (61.3) |
7.1 (44.8) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 1.1 (0.043) |
0.5 (0.02) |
1.2 (0.047) |
0.5 (0.02) |
0.9 (0.035) |
2.9 (0.114) |
1.9 (0.075) |
1.8 (0.071) |
1.6 (0.063) |
1.7 (0.067) |
0.6 (0.024) |
1.0 (0.039) |
15.7 (0.618) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 13.1 |
| % humidity | 60 | 45 | 31 | 26 | 28 | 31 | 33 | 37 | 42 | 51 | 54 | 61 | 41.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 159.7 | 188.6 | 239.5 | 256.8 | 299.6 | 301.2 | 311.7 | 305.9 | 278.8 | 250.6 | 184.7 | 135.1 | 2,912.2 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 55 | 64 | 65 | 64 | 67 | 66 | 67 | 71 | 75 | 74 | 63 | 48 | 66 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[1] | |||||||||||||
Subdivisions[edit]
Turpan Prefecture directly controls 1 county-level city and 2 counties.
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| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Population (2010 Census) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Turpan | 吐鲁番市 | Tǔlǔfān Shì | تۇرپان شەھىرى | Turpan Shehiri | 273,385 | 13,690 | 19.96 |
| 2 | Shanshan [Piqan] County | 鄯善县 | Shànshàn Xiàn | پىچان ناھىيىسى | Pichan Nahiyisi | 231,297 | 39,759 | 5.81 |
| 3 | Toksun County | 托克逊县 | Tuōkèxùn Xiàn | توقسۇن ناھىيىسى | Toqsun Nahiyisi | 118,221 | 16,171 | 7.31 |
References[edit]
- ^ a b "中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）" (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2010-04-03.
- ^ "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 2010-08-28.
Coordinates: 42°58′N 89°11′E / 42.967°N 89.183°E
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