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Synucleins are a family of soluble proteins common to vertebrates, primarily expressed in neural tissue and in certain tumors.[2][3]
Family members [edit]
The synuclein family includes three known proteins: alpha-synuclein, beta-synuclein, and gamma-synuclein. Interest in the synuclein family began when alpha-synuclein was found to be mutated in several families with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease.[2]
All synucleins have in common a highly conserved alpha-helical lipid-binding motif with similarity to the class-A2 lipid-binding domains of the exchangeable apolipoproteins. Synuclein family members are not found outside vertebrates, although they have some conserved structural similarity with plant 'late-embryo-abundant' proteins.[3]
Function [edit]
Normal cellular functions have not been determined for any of the synuclein proteins. Some data suggest a role in the regulation of membrane stability and/or turnover. Mutations in alpha-synuclein are associated with early-onset familial Parkinson's disease and the protein aggregates abnormally in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases.[4][5] The gamma-synuclein protein's expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression.[6]
Human proteins containing this domain [edit]
SNCA; SNCB; SNCG;
References [edit]
- ^ Ulmer TS, Bax A, Cole NB, Nussbaum RL (March 2005). "Structure and dynamics of micelle-bound human alpha-synuclein". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (10): 9595–603. doi:10.1074/jbc.M411805200. PMID 15615727.
- ^ a b Lavedan C (September 1998). "The synuclein family". Genome Res. 8 (9): 871–80. doi:10.1101/gr.8.9.871. PMID 9750188.
- ^ a b George JM (2002). "The synucleins". Genome Biol. 3 (1): REVIEWS3002. doi:10.1186/gb-2001-3-1-reviews3002. PMC 150459. PMID 11806835.
- ^ Ma QL, Chan P, Yoshii M, Uéda K (April 2003). "Alpha-synuclein aggregation and neurodegenerative diseases". J. Alzheimers Dis. 5 (2): 139–48. PMID 12719631.
- ^ Goedert M (July 2001). "Alpha-synuclein and neurodegenerative diseases". Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2 (7): 492–501. doi:10.1038/35081564. PMID 11433374.
- ^ Bruening W, Giasson BI, Klein-Szanto AJ, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ, Godwin AK (May 2000). "Synucleins are expressed in the majority of breast and ovarian carcinomas and in preneoplastic lesions of the ovary". Cancer 88 (9): 2154–63. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(20000501)88:9<2154::AID-CNCR23>3.0.CO;2-9. PMID 10813729.
External links [edit]
 New Clue to Parkinson's: Shape of Key Protein Surprises Researchers Alpha-synuclein -- a protein that forms clumps in the brains of patients with Parkinson's—has likely been mischaracterized. Scientists have long assumed that... |  asynuclein 3d structure choreography. |  Professor Malcolm Horne - Plasma alpha synuclein as risk marker for Parkinsons Professor Malcolm Horne presents at the First National Symposium on Translational Psychiatry, 4 -5 April 2011, at The John Curtin School of Medical Research,... |  Understanding PD In Depth View Dr. Silver covers new thoughts on Alpha Synuclein and it's role in Parkinson's Disease. New imaging and biomarkers reveal more about PD Etiology and Pathophy... |  Interview with Professor Patrik Brundin Bagadilico's Patrik Brundin talks about his career as a Parkinson researcher. He discusses his own motivations, present challenges and future visions towards... |  The role of head injury, genes and Parkinson's disease The PI's Sam Goldman, MD MPH, Associate Professor, Clinical Research Department, discusses a paper published in the Annals of Neurology entitled "Alpha-synuc... |  If you need recombinant alpha, beta, or gamma synuclein proteins http://atgenglobal.com We have recombinant alpha, beta, or gamma synuclein proteins in stock and you can receive your order within 1 to 3 days after placing ... |  Where can I buy recombinant alpha synuclein proteins online? http://atgenglobal.com Where to buy recombinant synuclein proteins or monoclonal synuclein antibodies online? We at ATGen Global are a good supplier online s... |  Are you looking for a recombinant synuclein protein supplier? http://atgenglobal.com If you're a researcher conducting research on Alzheimer's then you may be looking for a synuclein protein. We have in stock alpha, bet... |  Conquering Cancer: Synuclein Gamma (SNCG) and the Chaperoning of Cancer For the full video, click here: Centricity Series website: http://www.centricityseries.org/ Molecular Medicine website: http://www.molmed.org/ Feinstein Inst... |
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Science Codex
Fri, 24 May 2013 09:22:59 -0700
In Parkinson's disease, the protein "alpha-synuclein" aggregates and accumulates within neurons. Specific areas of the brain become progressively affected as the disease develops and advances. The mechanism underlying this pathological progression is ...
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News-Medical.net
Fri, 26 Apr 2013 04:55:14 -0700
A protein known to be a key player in the development of Parkinson's disease is able to enter and harm cells in the same way that viruses do, according to a Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine study. The protein is called alpha-synuclein.
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7thSpace Interactive (press release)
Tue, 14 May 2013 06:35:43 -0700
Gamma-synuclein is a member of the synuclein family of cytoplasmic, predominantly neuron-specific proteins. Despite numerous evidences for the importance of gamma-synuclein in the control of monoamine homeostasis, cytoskeleton reorganization and ...
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Medical Xpress
Thu, 25 Apr 2013 14:03:47 -0700
The protein is called alpha-synuclein. The study shows how, once inside a neuron, alpha synuclein breaks out of lysosomes, the digestive compartments of the cell. This is similar to how a cold virus enters a cell during infection. The finding ...
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WVTF
Sat, 25 May 2013 00:12:38 -0700
But there could be other proteins, the Tao protein, Alpha Synuclein, a variety of other proteins that could be involved, and hence we need to throw the landscape open with respect to what might be other potential targets in the various cascades that ...
|  Science Codex |
Science Codex
Thu, 23 May 2013 17:33:15 -0700
The failure to remove unwanted cellular material also causes the build-up of a protein called alpha synuclein, which accumulates in a toxic form in the brain's nerve cells of patients with Parkinson's disease. "The findings may help to explain the ...
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Sci-News.com
Thu, 09 May 2013 12:16:47 -0700
According to a new research headed by virologist Dr Edward Campbell from Loyola University Chicago, a protein called alpha-synuclein, known to be a key player in the development of Parkinson's disease, is able to enter and harm cells in the same way ...
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Scope (blog)
Tue, 30 Apr 2013 10:36:21 -0700
But a team led by Stanford neuroscientists Tom Sudhof, MD, and Axel Brunger, PhD, has revealed a likely critical role played by alpha-synuclein in healthy brains. Their discovery is described in an article just published in the open-access online ...
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