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Shina
Native to	Pakistan, India
Region	Northern Areas, Pakistan
Native speakers	(500,000 cited 1981 census)[1]
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Dardic Shina
Writing system	Arabic Script
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either: scl – Shina plk – Kohistani Shina
This page contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters.

Shina (Urdu:شینا)(also known as Tshina) is a language from the Dardic sub-group of the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by the Shina people, a plurality of the people in the Gilgit–Baltistan autonomous territory of Pakistan, formerly known as the Northern Areas, the town of Dras^{[citation needed]} in Ladakh^{[citation needed]} and Gurez a region of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.^[2] The valleys in which it is spoken include Astore, Chilas, Dareil, Tangeer, Gilgit, Ghizer, and a few parts of Baltistan^{[citation needed]} and Kohistan. It is also spoken in Gurez, Drass, Kargil^{[citation needed]}, Karkit Badgam and Ladakh^{[citation needed]} valleys. There were 321,00 speakers of Gilgiti Shina as of 1981, and an estimated total of speakers of all dialects of 550,000^{[citation needed]}.

Dialects are Gilgiti (the main dialect), Astori, Kohistani, and Chilasi. Related languages spoken by ethnic Shina are Brokskat (the Shina of Baltistan and Ladakh)^{[citation needed]}, Domaaki, Kohistani Shina, Palula, Savi, and Ushojo.^[1]

Phonology [edit]

Vowels [edit]

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (June 2008)

Consonants [edit]

Tone [edit]

Tshina has two contrasting tones, level and rising.

Grammar [edit]

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2008)

Common words and phrases [edit]

Days of the week [edit]

• Gileet: Gilgit^[4]
• Ala => Hey
• Thay nom jayk han? What is your name.
• May nom Peter han: My name is Peter.
• Jayk haal hay'n: How are you? (Yowk haal heen? >>astori dialect<<)
• Mas tutt khosh thamus(M)/thamis(F): I love(like) you
• Kontay bujano(M)/ bujani(F)? Where are you going?
• Mas tutt nafrat thamus(M)thamis(F)
• Tus jayk thayno(M)/ thayni(F)? What are you doing?
• Ash bala jayk thayno(M)/ thayni(F)? What are you doing nowadays?
• Tu kon hano(M)/ hani(F)? Where are you?
• Sadpara kon hin: Where is Sadpara?
• Kon?: Where?
• Aan: here
• Adaan (aatay): over here
• Aal (wah): there
• Paar Aal (Paar wah <<Shinakki>>): over there
• Khiri beyy: sit down
• Weyy pi: drink water
• Tutt pashaaram bey: let me show you now ( usually said with pressure when scolding)
• Tiki kha: eat food
• assal: good for you ( again said in scolding sarcasticliy)
• Peter inn wa: Peter come here.
• Lowko: quick
• Ma bujamus: I'm going.
• Baba: father
• Aaji: mother
• Ma England er har waa: come and take me to England
• Sah: sister
• Kaáka/Kaká): brother (also "Zraah" ... the beginning is a mix of the sounds "J" and "Z", and then an "R")
• Hunn the: pick up
• Agai/Hagai: sky
• Birdi: Land
• Balai: monster
• Ruiy: witch
• Attay: bring (it)
• Chaalbaal: children
• Mishti dish kon hin? What is the best place around?
• Pheepi: Aunt (mothers sister)
• Phapee:Aunt (fathers sister)
• chuni aaji: Aunt (fathers sister in law but classed as younger sister in law,)
• Bari aaji:Aunt (fathers sister in law but opposite of chuni aaji ( older sister in law)
• Tu kontay bujano(M)/ bujani(F)? Where are you going?
• Bilain:Medicines
• Mas tu maramus(M)maramis(F): I'm killing you
• Mas tu halaal thamus(M)thamis(F): I'm slaughtering you
• Daado: grand father
• Daddi: grand mother
• Maamo: uncle, or mamaa
• Mulai: girl
• Baal: boy

>>replace "o" with "i" to turn an adjective feminine <<

• BaRo(i): big
• Chuno(i): small
• Thulo(i): fat
• Ashaato(i): weak
• Dango(i): tall (also "Zigo(i)"...this is more commonly used)
• Khutto(i): short
• Dewano (i): crazy
• Mishto(i): good (the "sh" sound has a bit of an "r" in it...like in Shina)
• Dhohn gho(M) Dhohn ee(F)
• Atato(i): tiny

See also [edit]

• Shin of Hindukush

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Shina at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
   Kohistani Shina at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
2. ^ "Mosaic Of Jammu and Kashmir". 
3. ^ "Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh John Biddulph", Sang e meel Publications, p 93
4. ^ Shina Urdu Lughat

• Calvin R. Rensch, Sandra J. Decker, Daniel G. Hallberg. (1992). Languages of Kohistan (Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, 1). National Institute of Pakistani Studies, 263 pp. ISBN 969-8023-11-9.

• Backstrom, Peter C. (1992). Languages of Northern Areas (Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, 2). 417 pp. ISBN 969-8023-12-7.

• Degener, Almuth. (2007). Shina-Texte aus Gilgit (Nord-Pakistan): Sprichwörter und Materialien zum Volksglauben, gesammelt von Mohammad Amin Zia. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. Contains a Shina grammar, German-Shina and Shina-German dictionaries, and over 700 Shina proverbs and short texts. Muhammad Amin Zia is a writer, poet and linguistic researcher from Gilgit–Baltistan. http://books.google.com/books?id=cOczIYoUKvwC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
• Zia, Muhammad Amin. (1986). Shina Grammar. First Shina grammar to be written in Shina.
• Zia, Muhammad Amin. Shina Lughat (Shina Dictionary). First available Shina dictionary, containing 15000 words plus material on the phonetics of Shina.
• Zia Muhammad Amin. Bayaak (Meeting Place)Shina Radio Features,translation and inter linear explanation in English by Prof.Dr.Gearg Buddruss

and Almuth Degener.Published in Germany

External links [edit]

• Ethnologue Report for Shina
• 1992 Sociolinguistic Survey of Shina

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