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Nereu de Oliveira Ramos
20th President of Brazil
In office November 11, 1955 – January 31, 1956
Vice President	None
Preceded by	Carlos Luz
Succeeded by	Juscelino Kubitschek
14th Vice-President of Brazil
In office September 19, 1946 – January 31, 1951
President	Eurico Gaspar Dutra
Preceded by	Fernando de Melo Viana (1930)
Succeeded by	Café Filho
Personal details
Born	(1888-09-03)September 3, 1888 Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazilian Empire
Died	June 16, 1958(1958-06-16) (aged 69) São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil
Nationality	Brazilian
Political party	Social Democratic Party – PSD
Signature

Nereu de Oliveira Ramos (Portuguese pronunciation: [neˈrew di oliˈvejrɐ ˈʁɐ̃mus]; September 3, 1888 – June 16, 1958) was a Brazilian political figure. He briefly served as President of Brazil.

Ramos was vice-president of the Republic between 1946 and 1951. The 1945 Presidential elections were held for the office of President only, but the Constitution adopted on September 18, 1946 recreated the office of Vice-President, and established that the Constituent Assembly itself would choose the first Vice-President and swear him in, in the day following the promulgation of the Constitution. Nereu Ramos, until then a Senator for Santa Catarina and a member of the Constituent Assembly, was elected Vice-President in that special election. In his capacity as Vice-President of the Republic, Ramos served as President of the Senate.

He was subsequently elected once again to the Federal Senate as a representative from Santa Catarina state in 1954. Ramos became the Senate's President pro tempore in the following year. By this stage President Getúlio Vargas had taken his own life. There followed a series of brief presidential reigns: Vargas's Vice-President and successor, Café Filho, took a leave of absence, declaring himself unable to discharge the powers of the presidency due to poor health. By the time President Café Filho took his leave of absence, presidential elections for the next five year term had already been held, and Juscelino Kubitschek had been elected. Many people suspected that there would be a coup d'état to prevent the inauguration of the President elect. Army Minister Henrique Teixeira Lott himself subscribed to that view, and he considered that President Café Filho had taken his leave of absence because he was in agreement with the supposed coup forces but unwilling to lead the coup himself. His leave of absence allowed the Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies, Carlos Luz, to assume the presidency as Acting President, and Luz was seen as hostile to the inauguration of the President elect and likely to lead a coup to prevent it. Thus, only 48 hours after Café Filho's declaration of incapacity and the assumption of the powers of the presidency by Carlos Luz, Army Minister Lott led what he called a preventive counter-coup aimed at securing the inauguration of the President elect chosen by the people, by avoiding the supposed coup that Luz would allegedly lead. In that preventive counter-coup, Luz was deposed, Café Filho was prohibited from resuming the powers and duties of the presidency (although he was not deposed, he was kept under house arrest for remaining three months of his presidential term, and was barred from declaring his incapacity terminated) and the next man in the line of presidential succession, Senator Nereu Ramos, the Senate's President pro tempore assumed the powers of the presidency in the place of Carlos Luz.

Ramos assumed the presidency on November 11, 1955 to complete Vargas's term. He served until January 31, 1956, whereupon President elect Kubitschek was inaugurated. Ramos was the last President to have been born in the Empire of Brazil era.

Nereu Ramos died in a Cruzeiro airline crash on July, 6th 1958 near Curitiba Afonso Pena International Airport.

Gallery[edit]

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  President Nereu Ramos

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  Presidential photography

• Nereu Ramos para JK.jpg

  From left: President-elect Kubitschek, President Ramos, Vice President-elect Goulart

• 

  Statue

External links[edit]

• Presidents and Provisional Governments of the Republic

v t e Vice-Presidents of Brazil Floriano Peixoto Manuel Vitorino Pereira Francisco de Assis Rosa e Silva Silviano Brandão Afonso Pena Nilo Peçanha Venceslau Brás Urbano Araújo Delfim Moreira Bueno de Paiva Estácio Coimbra Fernando de Melo Viana Vital Soares office abolished Nereu Ramos Café Filho João Goulart José Maria Alkmin Pedro Aleixo Augusto Rademaker Adalberto Pereira dos Santos Aureliano Chaves José Sarney Itamar Franco Marco Maciel José Alencar Michel Temer

v t e Governors of Santa Catarina Lauro Müller Manuel Joaquim Machado Hercílio Luz Filipe Schmidt Lauro Müller Gustavo Richard Vidal Ramos Filipe Schmidt Hercílio Luz Adolfo Konder Fulvio Aducci Ptolomeu de Assis Brasil Rui Zobaram Pedro da Silveira Aristiliano Ramos Nereu de Oliveira Luís Gallotti Aderbal Ramos da Silva Irineu Bornhausen Jorge Lacerda Heriberto Hülse Celso Ramos Ivo Silveira Colombo Machado Sales Antônio Carlos Konder Reis Jorge Bornhausen Henrique Córdova Esperidião Amin Pedro Ivo Campos Casildo Maldaner Vilson Kleinübing Antônio Carlos Konder Reis Paulo Afonso Vieira Esperidião Amin Luiz Henrique da Silveira Eduardo Pinho Moreira Luiz Henrique da Silveira

v t e Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil Barros vacant (1930–1933) Ribeiro Aleixo vacant (1937–1946) Monteiro Duarte Cirilo Ramos Luz Flores Guimarães Mazzilli Pinto Cardoso Ramos Lafayette Freire Lopes Marcílio Borja Maciel Marcílio Marchesan Marcílio Guimarães Paes Pinheiro Oliveira Magalhães Temer Neves Cunha Cavalcanti Rebelo Chinaglia Temer Maia Alves

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