Like the surrounding Balkan countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina has had a turbulent past marked by frequent foreign invasions and occupation. As a result, Bosnian music is now a mixture of the national Slavic folklore with some Turkish influences along with influences from the western part of the world.
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History [edit]
During its period as a part of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina was covered in state-supported amateur musical ensembles called Cultural-Artistic Societies (Kulturno-Um(j)etnička Društva, KUDs) which played Bosnian root music and released a few recordings on local labels.
Traditional music [edit]
Original Bosnian music [edit]
Rural folk traditions in Bosnia include the shouted, polyphonic ganga and ravne pjesme (flat song) styles, as well as instruments like a droneless bagpipe, wooden flute and sargija. The gusle, an instrument found throughout the Balkans, is also used to accompany ancient slavic epic poems. There are also Bosnian folk songs in Ladino, derived from the area's Jewish population. Bosnian roots music came from the Middle Bosnia, Posavina, Drina valley and Kalesija. It is usually performed by singers with two violinists and a šargija player. These bands first appeared around World War I and became popular in the 1960s. This is the third oldest music following after the sevdalinka and ilahija. Self-taught people, mostly in two or three members of the different choices of old instruments, mostly in the violin, sacking, saz, drums, flutes (zurle) or wooden flute, as others have already called, the original performers of Bosnian music that can not be written notes, transmitted by ear from generation to generation, family is usually hereditary. It is thought to be brought from Persia-Kalesi tribe that settled in the area of present Sprecanski valleys and hence probably the name Kalesija. In this part of Bosnia it is the most common. Again, it became the leader of First World War onwards, as well as 60 years in the field Sprecanski doline. This kind of music was enjoyed by all three peoples in Bosnia, Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs, and it contributed a lot to reconcile people socializing, entertainment and other organizations through festivala. In Kalesija it's maintained each year with the Bosnian Festival Original music. Studio Kemix firm Dzemal Dzihanovic from Zivinice together with his artists brought this kind of music to perfection at the end 20th century. With its entirely new form of modernity, it is most common in the Tuzla Canton and the cradle of this music city Zivinice was named Bosnian town of original music . Songs are performed preferably in a diphthong, the first and second voice which is a special secret performance of this music and some performers sing in troglasju as they do Kalesijski triple that was recorded in 1968, as the first written record of the tone on the album, along with Higurashi no naku. Croat groups include:
- Braca Jakovljevic
- Ruza i Oracani
- Grabicki becari
- Baščovani
- Braća Domić
- Braća Begić
- Ante Bubalo
- Braća Grgić
- Bosanski Žubori
- Braća Geljić
- Bracini Bećari
- Braća Martinović
- Bistri izvor
- Dobojski Dukati
- Braća Vidovići
- Zvuci rodnog kraja
- Zvuci posavine
- Katni slavuji
- Braca Marusic
- Braca Jelic
- Posavski odjeci
- Plahanski odjeci
- Braca Tunjić
- Jozo Jelac
- Serac i Jerkan
- Seoski Vragolani
- Izvornjacka Dusa
- Dar Zavicaja
- Biseri Posavine
- Mladi Veseljaci
- Grubisa i Mato
- Braca Milinkovic
- Barusa i Mrkulja
- Dva Jarana
- Usorski izvori
- Šimo i Ivica
- Dobrovodski Biseri
- Izvorni Dar
- Posavski Zvuci
- Braća Čabraja
- Braća Grubišić
- Tajne Staze
- Perica Stjepanović
Other Bosniak groups are:
- Behka i Ljuca
- Rukija i jarani
- Braca Hodzic i Halco
- Salcine meraklije
- Semir i Sanel
- Djerze
- Bosanske sevdalije
- Sijelo Halida Musica
- Necko i Hari
- Braca Bojic i Hanifa
- Braca Bojic
- Kalesijska trojka
- Braca Tuholjakovic
- Djurdjevicki izvori
- Dobascani
- Biseri izvora
- Sateliti
- Sijelo Halida Musica
- Refkini ahbabi
- Banovicko sijelo
- Izvor rasadina
- Sehovic i Bedici
- Bajrini izvori
- Djedinska trojka
- Zavidovicki talasi
- Kamenicki zvuci
- Banovicko sijelo
- Sprecanski talasi
- Braća Babajić
- Narcis
- Zvornicko Sijelo
- Veseli Sastavci
- Raspjevane Meraklije
- Kalesijski Zvuci
- Kalesijski Slavuji
- Zvuci Podrinja
- Zehrini Jarani
- Halil i Senada
- Mirsada i Jarani
- Halid Musić
- Sibirski Izvori
- Vogoscanski izvori
- Olovski izvori
Some Serb groups are:
- Braca Radulovic
- Mara I Lole
- Barabe
- Naše Vrijeme
- Legende
- Ozrenske Bekrije
- Veseli Kumovi
- Zvuci Rodnog Kraja
- Božur
Sevdalinka [edit]
Probably the most distinctive and identifiably "Bosnian" of music, Sevdalinka is a kind of emotional, melancholic folk song that often describes sad subjects such as love and loss, the death of a dear person or heartbreak. Sevdalinkas were traditionally performed with a saz, a Turkish string instrument, which was later replaced by the accordion. However the more modern arrangement, to the derision of some purists, is typically a vocalist accompanied by the accordion along with snare drums, upright bass, guitars, clarinets and violins. Sevdalinkas are unique to Bosnia and Herzegovina. They arose in Ottoman Bosnia as urban Bosnian music with often oriental and sometimes Sefardi influences. Examples are "Kad ja pođoh na Benbašu", the unofficial anthem of the city of Sarajevo, and "Kraj Tanana Sadrvana". Though not as common as it once was, traditional Sevdalinka singers like Kadir Kurtagić, Emina Ahmedhodžić, Hašim Muharemović and Muhamed Mešanović-Hamić are still popular to the extent that their recordings are available.
More modern performers Silvana Armenulić, Safet Isović, Himzo Polovina, Zaim Imamović and Hanka Paldum have used non-native instruments, including the accordion, clarinet, violin and guitar.
Ilahije i Kaside (Religious Songs) [edit]
Ilahije (nasheeds) are religious songs that came after or before sevdalinkas. These songs usually deal with religion, but some of them tell tales of how two lovers (male and female) come together.
Modern folk [edit]
"Modern" folk (referred to as "novokomponovana narodna muzika" ("newcomposed music") for a while, although the term went out of use in favor of simply "narodna" or "folk"). It is based on various influences, sevdah stories with music of Serbia and/or Turkey often with incorporated elements of pop music. During the time of former Yugoslavia, the genre developed jointly in Bosnia and Serbia, and performers from both sides of today's borders still enjoy certain popularity on the other side.
See also:
Classical music [edit]
Bosnian composers of European classical music include Dino Zonić, Mirsad (Giga) Jelešković, Ališer Sijarić and Igor Karača.
Film music [edit]
Bosnian composers of Film score include Saša Lošić, Goran Bregović, Mirza (Mizi) Čaušević (mentalEscape).
Pop and rock [edit]
Rock music has been very popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the mid-20th century. Popular and influential rock bands and artists have included Indexi, Bijelo dugme, Divlje jagode, Plavi orkestar, Crvena jabuka, Zabranjeno pušenje, Hari Mata Hari and others from the Sarajevo School of Pop Rock
see also:
- Alen Islamović
- Dino Merlin
- Laka
- Igor Žerajić
- Letu štuke
- Skroz
- Činčila (Funk / Punk / Rock)
- Zoster (Jazz / Reggae / Rock)
- Sopot (dub)
Metal and hardcore [edit]
Heavy metal music is fairly underground within the musical scene in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In the mid 80s, two metal bands were formed in capital Sarajevo: Bombarder and Parasite from which D.throne emerged as next generation in 1991. Modern extreme metal scene originate from Tuzla. Some notable acts include:
- Toxicdeath
- Agonize
- Kontra
- D.throne
- Doberman
- Krv
- Acronian
- Aesthetic Empathy
- Kursk
- Bombarder
- Forensic Clinic
- Hetrem
- Kaos
- Korov
- Anemija
- Flatline
- Odar
- Terra Slaves
- Maichinery
- Motherpig
- Festival of Mutilation
- Tanker
- Corbansick
- Ofsajd
- Sadismo
- Parricide
- Gnu
- Mephistos
- Cadaver
- Parasite
- Mortipher
- Sihirator
- Aggressor
- Monolit
- After Oblivion
- Emir Hot
- Hobson Choice
- Silent Kingdom
- Southern Storm
- Neon Knights+
- Contusio
Electronic music [edit]
Bosnian electronic/dance music has also been very popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the mid-20th century. Popular producers and artists include Adi Lukovac (Adi Lukovac & The Ornaments), Mirza (Mizi) Čaušević (mentalEscape), Dr Mladen Milicevic, Dr. Igor Karača, Axa, Basheskia, Meldeen (trance metal), Vuneny, Velahavle, Billain and dZihan & Kamien. Such producers and artists are responsible for various styles of electronic music such as drum'n'bass/Neurofunk, trance music, breakbeat and industrial.
New generation of electronic music producers in Bosnia includes names such as Arnej, Siniša Tamamović, Mladen Tomić, DJ Mika, Narcis Jr. aka Monophonic/Mashala, Cycle Six, Chipi, Nadix, LudDogg, and many more.
See also:
- Adi Lukovac & The Ornaments
- AXA
- Meldeen
- dZihan & Kamien
- mentalEscape
- Basheskia
- Billain
- S.SC
- Velahavle
- Vuneny
Hip hop [edit]
Hip hop music is new to Bosnia and Herzegovina, but became very popular throughout the urban public with the famous rapper Edo Maajka, who is the most popular rapper in Bosnia-Herzegovina and most famous throughout the rest of the former Yugoslavia.
See also:
World music [edit]
Lately, Bosnian world music scene (mostly Balkan influenced music) is growing bigger. Some of the bands are:
References [edit]
- Burton, Kim. "Sad Songs of Sarajevo". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.). "World Music Volume 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East", pp 31–35. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0.
See also [edit]
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