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Transverse crural ligament (ligamentum transversum cruris; upper part of anterior annular ligament)
Cruciate crural ligament (ligamentum cruciatum cruris; lower part of anterior annular ligament)

Gray's page #489 [edit]

Laciniate ligament (ligamentum laciniatum; internal annular ligament)
Peroneal retinacula
- superior retinaculum (external annular ligament)
- inferior retinaculum
Mucous sheaths of the Tendons Around the Ankle

The muscles and fasciae of the foot (Gray's s131) [edit]

Gray's page #490 [edit]

Dorsal muscle of the foot
Extensor digitorum brevis
- congenital disorder Extensor digitorum brevis muscle in sole of the foot
Extensor hallucis brevis
Plantar muscles of the foot
Plantar aponeurosis (aponeurosis plantaris; plantar fascia)

The first layer [edit]

Gray's page #491 [edit]

Gray's page #492 [edit]

Abductor digiti quinti (Abductor minimi digiti)

The second layer [edit]

Gray's page #493 [edit]

The third layer [edit]

Gray's page #493 [edit]

Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis (Adductor obliquus hallucis)

Gray's page #494 [edit]

The fourth layer [edit]

Gray's page #495 [edit]

See also [edit]

List of images and subjects in Gray's Anatomy

Links to related articles

Muscular system (TA A04.0, GA 4.361)

Topics

Types of muscles

Other

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

List of muscles of head and neck: the head (TA A04.1, GA 4.378)

Extraocular (CN III, IV, VI)

oblique (inferior, superior) · rectus (superior, inferior, medial, lateral) · levator palpebrae superioris (superior tarsal)

Mastication (CN V3)

masseter · temporalis (sphenomandibularis) · pterygoid (lateral, medial)

fascia: Masseteric fascia · Temporal fascia · Deep portion: cementomaxillary tendon · Superficial portion: cementomandibular tendon

Facial (CN VII)

Ear	auricular (anterior, superior, posterior) · temporoparietalis

Scalp/eyelid	occipitofrontalis (occipitalis, frontalis) · orbicularis oculi (depressor supercilii) · corrugator supercilii fascia: Galea aponeurotica

Nose	procerus · nasalis (dilatator naris) · depressor septi nasi · levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Mouth	levator anguli oris · levator labii superioris · zygomaticus (major, minor) orbicularis oris · risorius · buccinator depressor anguli oris · depressor labii inferioris · mentalis

Palate/fauces (CN IX, X, XI)
(except TVP=V3)

veli palatini (tensor, levator) · musculus uvulae · palatopharyngeus (to pharynx) · palatoglossus (to tongue)

Tongue (CN XII)

extrinsic (genioglossus, hyoglossus/chondroglossus, styloglossus, and palatoglossus [CN X]) · intrinsic (superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, vertical)

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

List of muscles of head and neck: the neck (TA A04.2, GA 4.387)

Cervical

CN VII (superficial, PC): platysma
CN XI (deep): sternocleidomastoid

C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: longus (capitis, colli)

C3–C8 (lateral): scalene (anterior, medius, posterior)

Suboccipital

C1: rectus capitis posterior (major, minor) · obliquus capitis (inferior, superior)

C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: rectus capitis (anterior, lateralis)

Suprahyoid

CN V3 (medial): mylohyoid · anterior belly of digastric

CN VII (lateral): stylohyoid · posterior belly of digastric

C1 (deep): geniohyoid

Infrahyoid/strap

C1: thyrohyoid
C1–C3: sternohyoid · sternothyroid · omohyoid

Fasciae

Deep cervical fascia (Pretracheal fascia, Prevertebral fascia, Investing layer) · Carotid sheath · Alar fascia

pharynx: Buccopharyngeal fascia · Pharyngobasilar fascia

Palatine aponeurosis

Pharyngeal raphe

Pharynx

pharyngeal constrictor (superior, middle, inferior) · longitudinal (stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus)

Larynx

cricothyroid · cricoarytenoid (posterior, lateral) · arytenoid (oblique arytenoid/aryepiglottic, transverse arytenoid) · thyroarytenoid (vocal, thyroepiglottic)

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

List of muscles of thorax and back (TA A04.3–4, GA 4.397)

Back

splenius (capitis, cervicis) · erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis) · latissimus dorsi

transversospinales: (semispinalis dorsi, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis, multifidus, rotatores) · interspinales · intertransversarii

vertebral column: trapezius · latissimus dorsi · rhomboid (major, minor) · levator scapulae

fascia: thoracolumbar fascia

Thorax

intercostales (external, internal, innermost) · subcostales · transversus thoracis · levatores costarum · serratus posterior (inferior, superior) · diaphragm

thoracic cavity: pectoralis major · pectoralis minor · subclavius · serratus anterior

fascia: pectoral fascia · clavipectoral fascia

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

List of muscles of abdominopelvic cavity (TA A04.5, GA 4.408)

Abdomen/
wall

Anterior/
lateral

Muscle	Abdominal external oblique · Transversus abdominis/Conjoint tendon · Rectus sheath (rectus abdominis, pyramidalis) · Arcuate line · Tendinous intersection Cremaster · Abdominal internal oblique

Fascia	Fascia/abdominal fascia: panniculus adiposus (Fascia of Camper) · stratum membranosum (Fascia of Scarpa) · Transversalis fascia (Interfoveolar ligament) Linea alba · Linea semilunaris · Inguinal triangle Inguinal canal (Deep inguinal ring, Superficial inguinal ring, Intercrural fibers, Crura of superficial inguinal ring) Inguinal ligament (Pectineal ligament, Lacunar ligament, Reflected ligament)

Posterior

Muscle	quadratus lumborum · psoas major/psoas minor · iliacus

Fascia	iliopsoas fascia (Iliac fascia/Iliopectineal arch)

Pelvis

Muscle	levator ani (iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis) · coccygeus

Fascia	fascia/pelvic fascia visceral (Rectovaginal fascia, Rectoprostatic fascia) · parietal (Obturator fascia/Tendinous arch, Piriformis fascia) floor/diaphragm: Superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm (Pubovesical ligament, Puboprostatic ligament) · Inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm Anococcygeal body

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

Thoracic diaphragm (TA A04.4.02, GA 4.404)

General

Central tendon · Crus of diaphragm

arcuate ligaments (Lateral, Medial, Median)

Openings

major: Caval opening · Esophageal hiatus · Aortic hiatus

minor: Sternocostal triangle · Lumbocostal triangle

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

Abdominopelvic cavity: Abdomen/Abdominal cavity and Pelvis/Pelvic cavity and Peritoneal cavity (TA A10, TH H3.04.08, GA 4.408 and GA 11.1147)

Extraperitoneal space

Peritoneal ligaments,
mesenteries, and folds

Abdominal

From ventral mesentery	Lesser omentum: Hepatoduodenal ligament Hepatogastric ligament Liver: Coronary ligament (Left triangular ligament Right triangular ligament Hepatorenal ligament) Falciform ligament (Round ligament of liver and Ligamentum venosum in it, but not of it)

From dorsal mesentery	Greater omentum: Gastrophrenic ligament Gastrocolic ligament Gastrosplenic ligament Mesentery: Transverse mesocolon Sigmoid mesocolon Mesoappendix Root of the mesentery Splenorenal ligament Phrenicocolic ligament Folds: Umbilical folds (Supravesical fossa, Medial inguinal fossa, Lateral umbilical fold, Lateral inguinal fossa) Ileocecal fold

Abdominal cavity	Greater sac Omental bursa Omental foramen

General	Cystohepatic triangle Hepatorenal recess of subhepatic space Abdominal wall (Inguinal triangle) Peritoneal recesses: Paracolic gutters Paramesenteric gutters

Urogenital peritoneum

Uterus/ovaries	Broad ligament of the uterus (Mesovarium, Mesosalpinx, Mesometrium) Ovarian ligament Suspensory ligament of the ovary

Recesses	♂: Recto-vesical pouch Pararectal fossa ♀: Recto-uterine pouch Recto-uterine fold (Uterosacral ligament) Vesico-uterine pouch Ovarian fossa Paravesical fossa

M: DIG

anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon

proc, drug (A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte

List of muscles of perineum (TA A09.5, GA 4.425)

Perineum

Anal triangle	sphincter ani (externus, internus) Ischioanal fossa · Pudendal canal

Urogenital triangle	superficial perineal pouch (superficial transverse perineal, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus) deep perineal pouch (deep transverse perineal, sphincter urethrae membranaceae)

Middle	Perineal body

Fascia

superficial fascia: panniculus adiposus (Fascia of Camper) · stratum membranosum (Dartos, Superficial perineal fascia, Fascia of Colles)

deep fascia: Fascia of perineum · Buck's fascia · Perineal membrane/"Inferior fascia of UGD"

"Urogenital diaphragm" · "Superior fascia of UGD"

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

List of muscles of upper limbs (TA A04.6, GA 4.432)

Shoulder

deltoid · rotator cuff (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) · teres major

fascia: deltoid fascia · supraspinous fascia · infraspinous fascia

Arm
(compartments)

anterior	coracobrachialis · biceps brachii · brachialis

posterior	triceps brachii · anconeus · articularis cubiti

fascia	axillary sheath · axillary fascia · brachial fascia · intermuscular septa (lateral, medial)

other	spaces (quadrangular space, triangular space, triangular interval)

Forearm

anterior	superficial: pronator teres · palmaris longus · flexor carpi radialis · flexor carpi ulnaris · flexor digitorum superficialis deep: pronator quadratus · flexor digitorum profundus · flexor pollicis longus

posterior	superficial: mobile wad (brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis) · extensor digitorum · extensor digiti minimi · extensor carpi ulnaris deep: supinator · anatomical snuff box (abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus) · extensor indicis

fascia	bicipital aponeurosis · common tendons (extensor, flexor) · antebrachial fascia

other	cubital tunnel

Hand

lateral volar	thenar (opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis) · adductor pollicis

medial volar	hypothenar (opponens digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, abductor digiti minimi) · palmaris brevis

intermediate	lumbrical · interossei (dorsal, palmar)

fascia	posterior: extensor retinaculum · extensor expansion anterior: flexor retinaculum · palmar aponeurosis

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

List of muscles of lower limbs (TA A04.7, GA 4.465)

Iliac region
/ Iliopsoas

psoas major/psoas minor · iliacus

Buttocks

gluteals: (maximus, medius, minimus) · tensor fasciae latae

lateral rotator group: quadratus femoris · inferior gemellus · obturator internus · superior gemellus · piriformis

Thigh /
compartments

Anterior	sartorius · quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis) · articularis genu

Posterior/hamstring	biceps femoris · semitendinosus · semimembranosus

Medial	pectineus · obturator externus · gracilis · adductor (longus, brevis, magnus, minimus)

Fascia	Femoral sheath (Femoral canal) · Femoral ring Adductor canal · Adductor hiatus fascia lata (Iliotibial tract, Lateral intermuscular septum of thigh, Medial intermuscular septum of thigh, Fascia cribrosa/Saphenous opening) · Muscular lacuna

Leg/
Crus/
compartments

Anterior	tibialis anterior · extensor hallucis longus · extensor digitorum longus · fibularis tertius

Posterior	superficial · triceps surae (gastrocnemius, soleus, accessory soleus, Achilles tendon) · plantaris deep · tarsal tunnel (flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior) · popliteus

Lateral	fibularis muscles (longus, brevis)

Fascia	Pes anserinus crural fascia (Anterior crural intermuscular septum, Posterior crural intermuscular septum, Transverse intermuscular septum)

Foot

Dorsal	extensor hallucis brevis · extensor digitorum brevis

Plantar	1st layer (abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi) · 2nd layer (quadratus plantae, lumbrical muscle) · 3rd layer (flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis) · 4th layer (dorsal interossei, plantar interossei)

Fascia	Plantar fascia retinacula (Fibular, Inferior extensor, Superior extensor, Flexor)

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

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List of subjects in Gray's Anatomy: IV. Myology

Contents

Mechanics of muscle (Gray's s102) [edit]

Gray's page #361 [edit]

Gray's page #362 [edit]

Gray's page #363 [edit]

Gray's page #364 [edit]

Gray's page #365 [edit]

Gray's page #368 [edit]

Gray's page #370 [edit]

development of the muscles (Gray's s103) [edit]

Gray's page #371 [edit]

Gray's page #372 [edit]

Gray's page #373 [edit]

Gray's page #374 [edit]

Gray's page #375 [edit]

Gray's page #376 [edit]

Tendons, aponeuroses, and fasciae (Gray's s104) [edit]

Gray's page #376 [edit]

Gray's page #377 [edit]

Gray's page #378 [edit]

The fasciae and muscles of the head [edit]

The muscles of the scalp (Gray's s105) [edit]

Gray's page #378 [edit]

Gray's page #379 [edit]

Gray's page #380 [edit]

The muscles of the eyelid (Gray's s106) [edit]

Gray's page #380 [edit]

Gray's page #381 [edit]

The muscles of the nose (Gray's s107) [edit]

Gray's page #382 [edit]

The muscles of the mouth (Gray's s108) [edit]

Gray's page #382 [edit]

Gray's page #383 [edit]

Gray's page #384 [edit]

Gray's page #385 [edit]

The muscles of mastication (Gray's s109) [edit]

Gray's page #385 [edit]

Gray's page #386 [edit]

Gray's page #387 [edit]

The fasciae and muscles of the anterolateral region of the neck [edit]

The superficial cervical muscle (Gray's s110) [edit]

Gray's page #387 [edit]

The lateral cervical muscles (Gray's s111) [edit]

Gray's page #388 [edit]

Gray's page #389 [edit]

Gray's page #390 [edit]

Gray's page #391 [edit]

The supra- and infrahyoid muscles (Gray's s112) [edit]

Suprahyoid muscles [edit]

Gray's page #391 [edit]

Gray's page #392 [edit]

Gray's page #393 [edit]

Infrahyoid muscles [edit]

Gray's page #393 [edit]

Gray's page #394 [edit]

The anterior vertebral muscles (Gray's s113) [edit]

Gray's page #394 [edit]

Gray's page #395 [edit]

The lateral vertebral muscles (Gray's s114) [edit]

Gray's page #396 [edit]

The fasciae and muscles of the trunk [edit]

The deep muscles of the back (Gray's s115) [edit]

Gray's page #397 [edit]

Gray's page #399 [edit]

Gray's page #400 [edit]

Gray's page #401 [edit]

The suboccipital muscles (Gray's s116) [edit]

Gray's page #401 [edit]

Gray's page #402 [edit]

The muscles of the thorax (Gray's s117) [edit]

Gray's page #402 [edit]

Gray's page #403 [edit]

Gray's page #404 [edit]

Gray's page #405 [edit]

Gray's page #406 [edit]

Gray's page #407 [edit]

The muscles and fasciae of the abdomen (Gray's s118) [edit]

The anterolateral muscles [edit]

Gray's page #408 [edit]