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At the first World Series, held in 1903, the Boston Americans (front row) defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates (back row) in eight games.
The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) and concludes the MLB postseason. First played in 1903,[1] the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff and is a contest between the champions of baseball's National League (NL) and American League (AL).[2] Often referred to as the "Fall Classic",[3] the modern World Series has been played every year since 1903 except in 1904, when the NL champion New York Giants declined to play the AL champion Boston Americans, and 1994, when the series was canceled due to the MLB strike.[1][2][4][5]
The best-of-seven style has been the format of all World Series except in 1903, 1919, 1920 and 1921, when the winner was determined through a best-of-nine playoff.[1][2] The Series-winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.[6] Players, coaches, and others associated with the team are generally given World Series rings to commemorate their victory; however, they have received other items such as pocket watches and medallions in the past.[7] The winner of the World Series is traditionally invited to the White House to meet the President of the United States.[8]
108 Series have been contested, with the American League winning 62 and the National League winning 46. The New York Yankees of the American League have played in 40 of the 108 Series through 2012 and have won 27 World Series championships, the most of any Major League franchise. The Yankees have also lost more (13) than any other club. The St. Louis Cardinals, who represented the National League for an 18th time in 2011, have won 11 championships, which is the second-most among Major League teams.[3] The Giants have appeared in the Series 19 times (14 in New York and five in San Francisco for the Giants), which is the most appearances of any National League team. However, the Giants have won the Series only seven times, with the 2012 World Series the most recent victory. The Chicago Cubs have the longest streak of not winning the World Series, with their last championship coming in 1908.[9] The Seattle Mariners and the Montreal Expos/Washington Nationals are the only current Major League franchises never to have appeared in the World Series; the Houston Astros, San Diego Padres, Colorado Rockies, Washington Senators/Texas Rangers, Tampa Bay Rays, and Seattle Pilots/Milwaukee Brewers have played in the Series but have never won it. The Toronto Blue Jays are the only franchise from outside the United States to appear in a World Series, winning in 1992 and 1993.
Winners [edit]
| Year |
Links to the article about the corresponding World Series |
| Team |
Links to year in which each team played |
| League |
AL=American League, NL=National League |
| Year |
Winning team |
Winning manager |
Winning league |
Games |
Losing team |
Losing manager |
Losing league |
Ref. |
| 1903 |
Boston Americans |
Collins, JimmyJimmy Collins |
AL |
5–3[V] |
Pittsburgh Pirates |
Clarke, FredFred Clarke |
NL |
[10] |
| 1904 |
aaaaa !No World Series was played in 1904. |
[4] |
| 1905 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
4–1 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
[11] |
| 1906 |
Chicago White Sox |
Jones, FielderFielder Jones |
AL |
4–2 |
Chicago Cubs |
Chance, FrankFrank Chance |
NL |
[12] |
| 1907 |
Chicago Cubs |
Chance, FrankFrank Chance |
NL |
4–0–(1)[T] |
Detroit Tigers |
Jennings, HughHugh Jennings |
AL |
[13] |
| 1908 |
Chicago Cubs |
Chance, FrankFrank Chance |
NL |
4–1 |
Detroit Tigers |
Jennings, HughHugh Jennings |
AL |
[14] |
| 1909 |
Pittsburgh Pirates |
Clarke, FredFred Clarke |
NL |
4–3 |
Detroit Tigers |
Jennings, HughHugh Jennings |
AL |
[15] |
| 1910 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
4–1 |
Chicago Cubs |
Chance, FrankFrank Chance |
NL |
[16] |
| 1911 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
4–2 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
[17] |
| 1912 |
Boston Red Sox |
Stahl, JakeJake Stahl |
AL |
4–3–(1)[T] |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
[18] |
| 1913 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
4–1 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
[19] |
| 1914 |
Boston Braves |
Stallings, GeorgeGeorge Stallings |
NL |
4–0 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
[20] |
| 1915 |
Boston Red Sox |
Carrigan, BillBill Carrigan |
AL |
4–1 |
Philadelphia Phillies |
Moran, PatPat Moran |
NL |
[21] |
| 1916 |
Boston Red Sox |
Carrigan, BillBill Carrigan |
AL |
4–1 |
Brooklyn Robins |
Robinson, WilbertWilbert Robinson |
NL |
[22] |
| 1917 |
Chicago White Sox |
Rowland, PantsPants Rowland |
AL |
4–2 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
[23] |
| 1918 |
Boston Red Sox |
Barrow, EdEd Barrow |
AL |
4–2 |
Chicago Cubs |
Mitchell, FredFred Mitchell |
NL |
[24] |
| 1919 |
Cincinnati Reds |
Moran, PatPat Moran |
NL |
5–3[V] |
Chicago White Sox |
Gleason, KidKid Gleason |
AL |
[25] |
| 1920 |
Cleveland Indians |
Speaker, TrisTris Speaker |
AL |
5–2[V] |
Brooklyn Robins |
Robinson, WilbertWilbert Robinson |
NL |
[26] |
| 1921 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
5–3[V] |
New York Yankees |
Huggins, MillerMiller Huggins |
AL |
[27] |
| 1922 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
4–0–(1)[T] |
New York Yankees |
Huggins, MillerMiller Huggins |
AL |
[28] |
| 1923 |
New York Yankees |
Huggins, MillerMiller Huggins |
AL |
4–2 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
[29] |
| 1924 |
Washington Senators |
Harris, BuckyBucky Harris |
AL |
4–3 |
New York Giants |
McGraw, JohnJohn McGraw |
NL |
[30] |
| 1925 |
Pittsburgh Pirates |
McKechnie, BillBill McKechnie |
NL |
4–3 |
Washington Senators |
Harris, BuckyBucky Harris |
AL |
[31] |
| 1926 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Hornsby, RogersRogers Hornsby |
NL |
4–3 |
New York Yankees |
Huggins, MillerMiller Huggins |
AL |
[32] |
| 1927 |
New York Yankees |
Huggins, MillerMiller Huggins |
AL |
4–0 |
Pittsburgh Pirates |
Donie Bush |
NL |
[33] |
| 1928 |
New York Yankees |
Huggins, MillerMiller Huggins |
AL |
4–0 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
McKechnie, BillBill McKechnie |
NL |
[34] |
| 1929 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
4–1 |
Chicago Cubs |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
NL |
[35] |
| 1930 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
4–2 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Street, GabbyGabby Street |
NL |
[36] |
| 1931 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Street, GabbyGabby Street |
NL |
4–3 |
Philadelphia Athletics |
Mack, ConnieConnie Mack |
AL |
[37] |
| 1932 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
4–0 |
Chicago Cubs |
Grimm, CharlieCharlie Grimm |
NL |
[38] |
| 1933 |
New York Giants |
Terry, BillBill Terry |
NL |
4–1 |
Washington Senators |
Cronin, JoeJoe Cronin |
AL |
[39] |
| 1934 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Frisch, FrankFrank Frisch |
NL |
4–3 |
Detroit Tigers |
Cochrane, MickeyMickey Cochrane |
AL |
[40] |
| 1935 |
Detroit Tigers |
Cochrane, MickeyMickey Cochrane |
AL |
4–2 |
Chicago Cubs |
Grimm, CharlieCharlie Grimm |
NL |
[41] |
| 1936 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
4–2 |
New York Giants |
Terry, BillBill Terry |
NL |
[42] |
| 1937 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
4–1 |
New York Giants |
Terry, BillBill Terry |
NL |
[43] |
| 1938 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
4–0 |
Chicago Cubs |
Hartnett, GabbyGabby Hartnett |
NL |
[44] |
| 1939 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
4–0 |
Cincinnati Reds |
McKechnie, BillBill McKechnie |
NL |
[45] |
| 1940 |
Cincinnati Reds |
McKechnie, BillBill McKechnie |
NL |
4–3 |
Detroit Tigers |
Baker, DelDel Baker |
AL |
[46] |
| 1941 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
4–1 |
Brooklyn Dodgers |
Durocher, LeoLeo Durocher |
NL |
[47] |
| 1942 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Southworth, BillyBilly Southworth |
NL |
4–1 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
[48] |
| 1943 |
New York Yankees |
McCarthy, JoeJoe McCarthy |
AL |
4–1 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Southworth, BillyBilly Southworth |
NL |
[49] |
| 1944 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Southworth, BillyBilly Southworth |
NL |
4–2 |
St. Louis Browns |
Sewell, LukeLuke Sewell |
AL |
[50] |
| 1945 |
Detroit Tigers |
O’Neill, SteveSteve O’Neill |
AL |
4–3 |
Chicago Cubs |
Grimm, CharlieCharlie Grimm |
NL |
[51] |
| 1946 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Dyer, EddieEddie Dyer |
NL |
4–3 |
Boston Red Sox |
Cronin, JoeJoe Cronin |
AL |
[52] |
| 1947 |
New York Yankees |
Harris, BuckyBucky Harris |
AL |
4–3 |
Brooklyn Dodgers |
Shotton, BurtBurt Shotton |
NL |
[53] |
| 1948 |
Cleveland Indians |
Boudreau, LouLou Boudreau |
AL |
4–2 |
Boston Braves |
Southworth, BillyBilly Southworth |
NL |
[54] |
| 1949 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
4–1 |
Brooklyn Dodgers |
Shotton, BurtBurt Shotton |
NL |
[55] |
| 1950 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
4–0 |
Philadelphia Phillies |
Sawyer, EddieEddie Sawyer |
NL |
[56] |
| 1951 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
4–2 |
New York Giants |
Durocher, LeoLeo Durocher |
NL |
[57] |
| 1952 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
4–3 |
Brooklyn Dodgers |
Dressen, CharlieCharlie Dressen |
NL |
[58] |
| 1953 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
4–2 |
Brooklyn Dodgers |
Dressen, CharlieCharlie Dressen |
NL |
[59] |
| 1954 |
New York Giants |
Durocher, LeoLeo Durocher |
NL |
4–0 |
Cleveland Indians |
Lopez, AlAl Lopez |
AL |
[60] |
| 1955 |
Brooklyn Dodgers |
Alston, WalterWalter Alston |
NL |
4–3 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
[61] |
| 1956 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
4–3 |
Brooklyn Dodgers |
Alston, WalterWalter Alston |
NL |
[62] |
| 1957 |
Milwaukee Braves |
Haney, FredFred Haney |
NL |
4–3 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
[63] |
| 1958 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
4–3 |
Milwaukee Braves |
Haney, FredFred Haney |
NL |
[64] |
| 1959 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Alston, WalterWalter Alston |
NL |
4–2 |
Chicago White Sox |
Lopez, AlAl Lopez |
AL |
[65] |
| 1960 |
Pittsburgh Pirates |
Murtaugh, DannyDanny Murtaugh |
NL |
4–3 |
New York Yankees |
Stengel, CaseyCasey Stengel |
AL |
[66] |
| 1961 |
New York Yankees |
Houk, RalphRalph Houk |
AL |
4–1 |
Cincinnati Reds |
Hutchinson, FredFred Hutchinson |
NL |
[67] |
| 1962 |
New York Yankees |
Houk, RalphRalph Houk |
AL |
4–3 |
San Francisco Giants |
Dark, AlvinAlvin Dark |
NL |
[68] |
| 1963 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Alston, WalterWalter Alston |
NL |
4–0 |
New York Yankees |
Houk, RalphRalph Houk |
AL |
[69] |
| 1964 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Keane, JohnnyJohnny Keane |
NL |
4–3 |
New York Yankees |
Berra, YogiYogi Berra |
AL |
[70] |
| 1965 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Alston, WalterWalter Alston |
NL |
4–3 |
Minnesota Twins |
Mele, SamSam Mele |
AL |
[71] |
| 1966 |
Baltimore Orioles |
Bauer, HankHank Bauer |
AL |
4–0 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Alston, WalterWalter Alston |
NL |
[72] |
| 1967 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Schoendienst, RedRed Schoendienst |
NL |
4–3 |
Boston Red Sox |
Williams, DickDick Williams |
AL |
[73] |
| 1968 |
Detroit Tigers |
Smith, MayoMayo Smith |
AL |
4–3 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Schoendienst, RedRed Schoendienst |
NL |
[74] |
| 1969 |
New York Mets[X] |
Hodges, GilGil Hodges |
NL |
4–1 |
Baltimore Orioles |
Weaver, EarlEarl Weaver |
AL |
[75] |
| 1970 |
Baltimore Orioles |
Weaver, EarlEarl Weaver |
AL |
4–1 |
Cincinnati Reds |
Anderson, SparkySparky Anderson |
NL |
[76] |
| 1971 |
Pittsburgh Pirates |
Murtaugh, DannyDanny Murtaugh |
NL |
4–3 |
Baltimore Orioles |
Weaver, EarlEarl Weaver |
AL |
[77] |
| 1972 |
Oakland Athletics |
Williams, DickDick Williams |
AL |
4–3 |
Cincinnati Reds |
Anderson, SparkySparky Anderson |
NL |
[78] |
| 1973 |
Oakland Athletics |
Williams, DickDick Williams |
AL |
4–3 |
New York Mets[X] |
Berra, YogiYogi Berra |
NL |
[79] |
| 1974 |
Oakland Athletics |
Dark, AlvinAlvin Dark |
AL |
4–1 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Alston, WalterWalter Alston |
NL |
[80] |
| 1975 |
Cincinnati Reds |
Anderson, SparkySparky Anderson |
NL |
4–3 |
Boston Red Sox |
Johnson, DarrellDarrell Johnson |
AL |
[81] |
| 1976 |
Cincinnati Reds |
Anderson, SparkySparky Anderson |
NL |
4–0 |
New York Yankees |
Martin, BillyBilly Martin |
AL |
[82] |
| 1977 |
New York Yankees |
Martin, BillyBilly Martin |
AL |
4–2 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Lasorda, TomTom Lasorda |
NL |
[83] |
| 1978 |
New York Yankees |
Lemon, BobBob Lemon |
AL |
4–2 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Lasorda, TomTom Lasorda |
NL |
[84] |
| 1979 |
Pittsburgh Pirates |
Tanner, ChuckChuck Tanner |
NL |
4–3 |
Baltimore Orioles |
Weaver, EarlEarl Weaver |
AL |
[85] |
| 1980 |
Philadelphia Phillies |
Green, DallasDallas Green |
NL |
4–2 |
Kansas City Royals[X] |
Frey, JimJim Frey |
AL |
[86] |
| 1981 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Lasorda, TomTom Lasorda |
NL |
4–2 |
New York Yankees |
Lemon, BobBob Lemon |
AL |
[87] |
| 1982 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Herzog, WhiteyWhitey Herzog |
NL |
4–3 |
Milwaukee Brewers[X] |
Kuenn, HarveyHarvey Kuenn |
AL[L1] |
[88] |
| 1983 |
Baltimore Orioles |
Altobelli, JoeJoe Altobelli |
AL |
4–1 |
Philadelphia Phillies |
Owens, PaulPaul Owens |
NL |
[89] |
| 1984 |
Detroit Tigers |
Anderson, SparkySparky Anderson |
AL |
4–1 |
San Diego Padres[X] |
Williams, DickDick Williams |
NL |
[90] |
| 1985 |
Kansas City Royals[X] |
Howser, DickDick Howser |
AL |
4–3 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Herzog, WhiteyWhitey Herzog |
NL |
[91] |
| 1986 |
New York Mets[X] |
Johnson, DaveyDavey Johnson |
NL |
4–3 |
Boston Red Sox |
McNamara, JohnJohn McNamara |
AL |
[92] |
| 1987 |
Minnesota Twins |
Kelly, TomTom Kelly |
AL |
4–3 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
Herzog, WhiteyWhitey Herzog |
NL |
[93] |
| 1988 |
Los Angeles Dodgers |
Lasorda, TomTom Lasorda |
NL |
4–1 |
Oakland Athletics |
La Russa, TonyTony La Russa |
AL |
[94] |
| 1989 |
Oakland Athletics |
La Russa, TonyTony La Russa |
AL |
4–0 |
San Francisco Giants |
Craig, RogerRoger Craig |
NL |
[95] |
| 1990 |
Cincinnati Reds |
Piniella, LouLou Piniella |
NL |
4–0 |
Oakland Athletics |
La Russa, TonyTony La Russa |
AL |
[96] |
| 1991 |
Minnesota Twins |
Kelly, TomTom Kelly |
AL |
4–3 |
Atlanta Braves |
Cox, BobbyBobby Cox |
NL |
[97] |
| 1992 |
Toronto Blue Jays[X] |
Gaston, CitoCito Gaston |
AL |
4–2 |
Atlanta Braves |
Cox, BobbyBobby Cox |
NL |
[98] |
| 1993 |
Toronto Blue Jays[X] |
Gaston, CitoCito Gaston |
AL |
4–2 |
Philadelphia Phillies |
Fregosi, JimJim Fregosi |
NL |
[99] |
| 1994 |
aaaaa !Not held due to players' strike. |
[5] |
| 1995 |
Atlanta Braves |
Cox, BobbyBobby Cox |
NL |
4–2 |
Cleveland Indians |
Hargrove, MikeMike Hargrove |
AL |
[100] |
| 1996 |
New York Yankees |
Torre, JoeJoe Torre |
AL |
4–2 |
Atlanta Braves |
Cox, BobbyBobby Cox |
NL |
[101] |
| 1997 |
Florida Marlins[W][X] |
Leyland, JimJim Leyland |
NL |
4–3 |
Cleveland Indians |
Hargrove, MikeMike Hargrove |
AL |
[102] |
| 1998 |
New York Yankees |
Torre, JoeJoe Torre |
AL |
4–0 |
San Diego Padres[X] |
Bruce Bochy |
NL |
[103] |
| 1999 |
New York Yankees |
Torre, JoeJoe Torre |
AL |
4–0 |
Atlanta Braves |
Cox, BobbyBobby Cox |
NL |
[104] |
| 2000 |
New York Yankees |
Torre, JoeJoe Torre |
AL |
4–1 |
New York Mets[W][X] |
Valentine, BobbyBobby Valentine |
NL |
[105] |
| 2001 |
Arizona Diamondbacks[X] |
Brenly, BobBob Brenly |
NL |
4–3 |
New York Yankees |
Torre, JoeJoe Torre |
AL |
[106] |
| 2002 |
Anaheim Angels[W][X] |
Scioscia, MikeMike Scioscia |
AL |
4–3 |
San Francisco Giants[W] |
Baker, DustyDusty Baker |
NL |
[107] |
| 2003 |
Florida Marlins[W][X] |
McKeon, JackJack McKeon |
NL |
4–2 |
New York Yankees |
Torre, JoeJoe Torre |
AL |
[108] |
| 2004 |
Boston Red Sox[W] |
Francona, TerryTerry Francona |
AL |
4–0 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
La Russa, TonyTony La Russa |
NL |
[109] |
| 2005 |
Chicago White Sox |
Guillén, OzzieOzzie Guillén |
AL |
4–0 |
Houston Astros[W][X] |
Garner, PhilPhil Garner |
NL |
[110] |
| 2006 |
St. Louis Cardinals |
La Russa, TonyTony La Russa |
NL |
4–1 |
Detroit Tigers[W] |
Leyland, JimJim Leyland |
AL |
[111] |
| 2007 |
Boston Red Sox |
Francona, TerryTerry Francona |
AL |
4–0 |
Colorado Rockies[W][X] |
Hurdle, ClintClint Hurdle |
NL |
[112] |
| 2008 |
Philadelphia Phillies |
Manuel, CharlieCharlie Manuel |
NL |
4–1 |
Tampa Bay Rays[X] |
Maddon, JoeJoe Maddon |
AL |
[113] |
| 2009 |
New York Yankees |
Girardi, JoeJoe Girardi |
AL |
4–2 |
Philadelphia Phillies |
Manuel, CharlieCharlie Manuel |
NL |
[114] |
| 2010 |
San Francisco Giants |
Bochy, BruceBruce Bochy |
NL |
4–1 |
Texas Rangers[X] |
Washington, RonRon Washington |
AL |
[115] |
| 2011 |
St. Louis Cardinals[W] |
La Russa, TonyTony La Russa |
NL |
4–3 |
Texas Rangers[X] |
Washington, RonRon Washington |
AL |
[116] |
| 2012 |
San Francisco Giants |
Bochy, BruceBruce Bochy |
NL |
4–0 |
Detroit Tigers |
Leyland, JimJim Leyland |
AL |
[117] |
Series appearances by franchise [edit]
See also [edit]
- L1 The Brewers were in the American League through the 1997 season after which they switched to the National League.[118]
- L2 Before the 2013 season, the Astros moved the American League.
- T The 1907, 1912, and 1922 World Series each included one tied game.
- V The 1903, 1919, 1920, and 1921 World Series were in a best-of-nine format (carried by the first team to win five games).
- W Made the playoffs after 1994 as a Major League Baseball Wild Card team (rather than by winning a division)[1]
- X Expansion team that joined the American League or the National League after 1960[119]
References [edit]
- General
- Specific
- ^ a b c d "Baseball-Reference Playoff and World Series Index". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
- ^ a b c "World Series Overview". Major League Baseball. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ a b "World Series History: Championships by Club". Major League Baseball. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ a b "History of the World Series - 1904". The Sporting News. Archived from the original on December 3, 2009. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
- ^ a b "Season interrupted". Sports Illustrated. August 26, 2002. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "Phillies Announce World Series Trophy Tour Presented by Teva Pharmaceuticals and Comcast SportsNet". PR Newswire Association. January 9, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
- ^ Lukas, Paul (October 30, 2009). "[[World Series ring]]s, the real scoop". ESPN. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ "White Sox Visit White House, Meet Obama". The Huffington Post. April 20, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
- ^ LaPointe, Joe (October 3, 2007). "As Cubs Appear in Playoffs, One Fan Is Not to Be Found". The New York Times. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1903 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1905 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1906 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1907 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1908 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1909 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1910 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1911 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1912 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1913 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1914 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1915 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1916 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1917 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1918 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1919 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1920 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1921 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1922 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1923 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1924 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1925 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1926 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1927 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1928 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1929 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1930 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1931 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1932 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1933 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1934 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1935 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1936 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1937 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1938 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1939 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1940 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1941 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1942 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1943 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1944 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1945 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1946 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1947 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1948 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1949 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1950 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1951 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1952 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1953 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1954 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1955 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1956 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1957 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1958 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1959 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1960 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1961 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1962 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1963 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1964 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1965 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1966 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1967 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1968 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1969 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1970 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1971 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1972 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1973 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1974 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1975 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1976 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1977 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1978 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1979 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1980 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1981 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1982 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1983 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1984 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1985 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1986 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1987 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1988 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1989 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1990 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1991 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1992 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1993 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1995 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1996 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1997 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1998 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "1999 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2000 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2001 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2002 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2003 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2004 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2005 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2006 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2007 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2008 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ "2009 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- ^ Haft, Chris (November 1, 2010). "Giants win the Series! Giants win the Series!". Major League Baseball. Retrieved November 1, 2010.
- ^ "2011 World Series". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
- ^ Ortiz, Jorge (October 28, 2012). "Giants sweep Tigers for World Series title". USA Today Sports. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
- ^ "Brewers switch leagues, join Reds in NL Central". The Kentucky Post (Associated Press) (E. W. Scripps Company). November 6, 1997. Archived from the original on May 5, 2005.
- ^ 2009 ESPN Sports Almanac. New York City: Ballantine Books. 2008. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-345-51172-0.
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