| Epic Records | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Parent company | Sony Music Entertainment |
| Founded | 1953 |
| Distributor(s) | Self-distributed (in the US) Sony Music Entertainment (outside the US) |
| Genre | Various |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Location | New York City |
| Official Website | www.epicrecords.com |
Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment. Originally conceived as a jazz imprint in 1953, it has since expanded to represent various genres. Today, the company is one of three main flagship labels for Sony Music; the other two being Columbia Records and RCA Records. Epic Records is now an "artistic freedom" label.
Contents |
History[edit]
Beginnings[edit]
Epic Records was launched in 1953 by CBS Records for the purpose of marketing jazz, pop and classical music that did not fit the theme of its more mainstream Columbia Records label. Initial classical music releases were from Philips Records which distributed Columbia product in Europe[1] Pop talent on co-owned Okeh Records were transferred to Epic which made Okeh a rhythm and blues label.[2] Epic's bright-yellow, black, and blue logo became a familiar trademark for many jazz and classical releases. This has included such notables as the Berlin Philharmonic, Charles Rosen, the Juilliard String Quartet, Antal Doráti conducting the Hague Philharmonic and George Szell conducting the Cleveland Orchestra.
Expansion of genres and mainstream success[edit]
By 1960, the label's musical base had been expanded to include all genres. This was done in part to prevent the roster of Columbia Records (which, at the time, had a reputation for releasing material by more established acts) from being overstuffed with newer artists.[citation needed] Subsequently, Epic became better known for its signing of newer, fledgling acts. By the end of the 1960s, Epic earned its first gold records and had evolved into a formidable hit-making force in rock and roll, R&B and country music. Among its many acts, it included Roy Hamilton, Bobby Vinton, The Dave Clark Five, The Hollies, Tammy Wynette, Donovan, The Yardbirds, Lulu, July and Jeff Beck. Several of the British artists on the Epic roster during the 1960s were the result of CBS's Epic/Okeh units' international distribution deal with EMI; Epic recordings were issued by EMI on the Columbia label.
Also during the 1960s, Epic oversaw the smaller subsidiary CBS labels including: Okeh Records and Date Records. In 1968, the Epic imprint was added in the UK and distributed by CBS after the distribution deal with EMI expired that year.[3]
Epic's commercial success continued to grow in the 1970s with releases from ABBA in the UK, Boston, Cheap Trick, The Clash, Charlie Daniels, Heart, [(Heatwave)], The Isley Brothers, The Jacksons, George Jones, Labelle, Meat Loaf, Johnny Nash, Ted Nugent, REO Speedwagon, Minnie Riperton, Pegasus, Charlie Rich, Sly & the Family Stone, Steve Vai, and Edgar Winter. Also contributing to the labels success was its distribution of Philadelphia International Records, which produced additional hit records by acts such as The Three Degrees and McFadden and Whitehead.
During the 1980s, Epic was arguably the most successful label of the decade.[citation needed] Its 1980s and 1990s mainstream success were fueled by its signing and releasing of albums by such acts as Michael Jackson, Shakin' Stevens, Culture Club, Gloria Estefan and the Miami Sound Machine, Adam Ant, Living Colour, Prong, Dead or Alive, Europe, Cyndi Lauper, Ozzy Osbourne, Pearl Jam, Sade, Luther Vandross, Stevie Ray Vaughan, and Céline Dion among others. The label's greatest pay-dirt achievement came with the release Thriller, the 1982 album by Michael Jackson, which went on to achieve approximately one hundred million in worldwide sales[citation needed], becoming the biggest selling album in history.
More recently, other successful acts on the label have included Anastacia, Jennifer Lopez, The Fray, Shakira, Korn, Fiona Apple, Ozzy Osbourne, Nate Storm, Modest Mouse, Chevelle, JLS, and Rage Against the Machine.
1980s-2000s[edit]
Sony bought CBS Records in 1987, and the company was renamed Sony Music in 1991. In 2004, Sony merged with another powerhouse music distributor, BMG, bringing labels such as RCA, Arista, Columbia, Epic, Jive, and many others under one parent company, Sony BMG. In February 2009, singer/songwriter Amanda Ghost was appointed president of Epic Records.[4] Later in the year, Sony BMG Music (during a reconsolidation of labels) merged Epic and Columbia's operations, and subsequently formed the Columbia/Epic Label Group — but both labels continue to operate as separate brands. Sony BMG's Legacy Recordings reissues the company's classic and catalog titles.
In addition, in the 1990s, European operations of Sony Music was integrated into two separate labels, Epic and Columbia. It was followed by Australian and New Zealand operation of Sony Music in 1997.
The Japanese operation is called Epic Records Japan Inc..
2010s: Epic under L.A. Reid[edit]
In July 2011, L.A. Reid became the head of the Epic Records which also includes various former Jive Records artists.[5] Reid has already begun a new "era" in signing artists, having signed up YouTube sensation Karmin.[6] Through Sony Music Entertainment's restructuring, artists such as TLC, Toni Braxton, Avril Lavigne, Outkast, Future, Yo Gotti and Ciara have joined Epic.[7][8] Epic will sign the winners of The X Factor.[9]
It was confirmed in February 2012 that Sylvia Rhone, former president of Universal Motown, would be launching a new record label through Epic Records.[10]
As of March 2013, Epic Records was home to 53 artists.[11]
Imprint labels[edit]
The following is a list of labels Epic Records has distributed:
Current[edit]
- Beluga Heights (2008–present)
- Daylight Records (Defunct)
- DC Flag Records (2004–present)
- E1 Music (2007–present)
- Freebandz (2012–present)
- Uncle Murda (2012–present)
- Glowworm Records (?-present)
- Anderson Records (2011–present)
- Anderson Music Entertainment (2011–present)
- Battery Records
- Verity Gospel Music Group
- Westlake Music Entertainment
- Volcano Entertainment
- LaFace Records (Defunct)
- MJJ Productions Inc - Subsidiary of the mass media corporation The Michael Jackson Company LLC
Former[edit]
- 550 Music (1993–2000)
- Beluga Heights Records (2006–2008)
- Believe In A Dream (1981-1984)
- Blue Sky (1974-1982)
- Caribou Records (1976-1981)
- Cold Chillin' Records (1993–1999)
- Date Records (1960s)
- Epic Records Nashville (? - May 2006)
- Epic Street (1993–1998)
- Epic Dance (mid-1990s)
- CBS Associated/Epic Associated (1983–1995)
- Chycago International Records (1982-1984)
- Cleveland International Records (1976-1983)
- CTI[disambiguation needed] (1980)
- Tuff City Records (1983–1984)
- Hidden Beach Records (1998–2007)
- Gamble (1972-1975)
- Glacial Pace (mid-1990s)
- Immortal Records (1994–2006)
- Invictus Records (1973-1976)
- Jet Records (1978-1983)
- Kirshner Records (1974-1983)
- MJJ Music (1991–2001, 2010)
- Modern Art Records (?-?)
- Nemperor Records (1977-1990)
- Ode Records (1967–1969, 1976–1979)
- OKeh Records (1965–1970, 1994–2000)
- Pasha Records (1979-1990)
- Philadelphia International Records (1971–1984)
- Portrait Records (1976–1992)
- Private I Records (1982-1984)
- Rock-N-Roll (1982-1987)
- Scotti Brothers (1979-1988)
- SOLAR Records (1989–1993)
- T-Neck (1972-1984)
- Tabu Records (1978–1991)
- TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia) (1975-1977) (1981-1982)
- Work Records (1994–2000)
- Virgin Records (1976-1978), (1982-1986)
Epic Records artists[edit]
Epic Records Executives[edit]
- L.A. Reid — Chairman & CEO [12]
- Nick Raphael — Epic UK Managing Director (2001-2011)
- Jo Charrington — Epic UK Head of A&R (2007-2011)
Logos in use[edit]
-
Classic radial sound sunburst logo, used in the 1960s, revived in late 1998; used until 2006. Still used on Japanese operations.
-
Script logo, used from late 1978 to 1991; revived in 2006 and was used until 2011.
-
Stacked-record logo used from 1991 to late 1998.
-
Red print logo, used from 2011 to present
See also[edit]
- List of record labels
- Epic/Sony Records (Japanese branch of Epic Records)
- RCA Records
- Columbia Records
References[edit]
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=ZAoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=columbia+%2B+epic+%2B+okeh&source=bl&ots=zLVAWcOYKf&sig=zwcqb6Bs0MiuOIfg0DlokxSJy5E&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2ORAUJr_C9KCqQHl24HoCg&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=columbia%20%2B%20epic%20%2B%20okeh&f=false
- ^ Billboard - Google Books. Books.google.com. 1953-09-19. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ Billboard - Google Books. Books.google.com. 1968-05-11. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "Music label puts singer in charge". BBC News. 2009-02-03. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "L.A. Reid's First Week at Epic Has Some Staffers Feeling 'Energized'". Billboard.biz. 2011-07-12. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "L.A. Reid to Run Restructured Epic Records". Billboard.biz. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "Outkast, Ciara Headed for L.A. Reid's Epic Records, Sources Say". Billboard.biz. 2011-09-15. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "92.5 THE BEAT Montreal's Best Music Variety Radio Station". 925thebeat.ca. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/467447/x-factor-has-glitzy-premiere-complete-with-simon-paula-bickering
- ^ It's Official: Sylvia Rhone to Run New Label Through Epic
- ^ Artists
- ^ "L.A. Reid Officially Named Chairman & CEO of Epic Records". Billboard.biz. 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
External links[edit]
- Epic Records – Official website
- Sony Music, Parent Company of Epic
- Epic Records on Myspace
- Epic US/UK A&R team contact list
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