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In satellite communications, carrier-to-receiver noise density (C/kT) is the ratio of the power by received carrier to the density of the noise power of the receiver. It determines whether a receiver can lock on to the carrier and if the information encoded in the signal can be retrieved, given the amount of noise present in the received signal. The carrier-to-receiver noise density ratio is usually expressed in dBHz.

The carrier-to-receiver noise density is given by

${\displaystyle {\frac {C}{kT}},}$

where C is the received carrier power in watts, k is Boltzmann constant in joules per kelvin, and T is the receiver system noise temperature in kelvins. The receiver noise power density, kT, is the receiver noise power per hertz.

## References

This article incorporates public domain material from the General Services Administration document "Federal Standard 1037C" (in support of MIL-STD-188).

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